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Effects of a Support Surface on Homeostasis
James G. Spahn, MD, FACS / Christie Duncan, BSN, RN, CWOCN
Statement of the problem
Poor support surface choices can be clinically and financially devastating to both patient and facility, yet the variety of surfaces available can make the process overwhelming. This educational piece will identify endothelial damage as the true culprit in tissue necrosis and show how to choose support surfaces that prevent endothelial damage and facilitate homeostasis.
Rationale
Support surfaces are key factors in pressure ulcer management and prevention. Unfortunately surface choices are often based upon prior experience, verbal suggestion, or written materials, rather than a true understanding of the therapy or its effect on the soft tissue. Understanding the pathophysiology behind pressure ulcer development will assist caregivers in choosing support surfaces that facilitate the body’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment (homeostasis).
Methodology
A literature review was performed to examine the key mechanical and physiologic factors relating to tissue necrosis and pressure ulcer development. The sources studied were internationally renowned textbooks of medical physiology, pathophysiology, chemistry, and physics.
Results
Homeostasis is significantly impaired when blood vessels are crimped by gradient pressure and shear. This mechanical stress causes a change in blood flow from laminar to turbulent, which increases the risk for endothelial damage. Endothelial damage is the key factor leading to tissue necrosis. The laws of physics show that flotation therapy provides volumetric support (non-gradient pressure) of soft tissue.
Download the entire study in PDF format.
Products Applicable to this Study:
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